Controllable, and uncontrollable inputs.

Uncontrollable factors are the main components of decision-making. Evaluating the various courses of actions within the controllable inputs considering various scenarios for uncontrollable inputs, and then deciding the best course of action. As Herbert Simon said: The whole process of managerial decision-making is synonymous with the practice of management. Decision-making is at the core of all managerial functions. Planning, for example, involves the following decisions: What should be done? When? How? Where? By whom? Other managerial functions, such as organising, implementing, and controlling, rely heavily on decision-making.